E-mini S&P futures contract are quarterly like all futures contracts. The monthly identifiers for the E-mini S&P futures contracts are H for March, M for June, U for September and Z for December. The E-mini S&P futures contract trade almost 24 hours per day. However, there is a 30 minute maintenance break in trading from 4:30 to 5:00 PM daily.

If you are a new E-mini trader you be careful as traders are expected to pay for the difference between the margins for the entry and exit points. In case you lose at the end of the day you are likely to pay in a big way. The margin requirements for E-minis are much less than the normal contract. The day trading margin is less than the margin to hold an overnight position in S&P 500 E-mini Futures contract.

Like all futures contracts, S&P futures contracts including E-minis are settled daily. The values of all positions are marked to the market each day after the official close based on the settlement price. At the end of the trading day they are assigned a final value price. Cash will either come into your account or leave your account based on the change in the settlement price from day to day as long as your positions remain open. In other words, based on how well your positions fared in that days trading session, your account is then either debited or credited.

It is this mechanism that brings integrity to the marketplace. As losses are not allowed to accumulate without some response being required, this system gives futures trading a rock-solid reputation for creditworthiness.

Leverage: Leverage can produce large profits in relation to the amount of your initial margin if you speculate in futures and the market moves in your favor. However, you also could lose your initial margin if the market moves against your position. The effect of price changes is magnified because futures markets are highly leveraged. You typically pay the price in full with stocks (without leverage) or on margin (50 percent leverage).

Suppose you have decided to put $10,000 into a futures account and you buy one E-mini S&P 500 index futures contract when the index is trading at 1000. Your initial margin requirement for that one contract is $3,500.

You could realize a profit of $2,500 (50 points – $50) if the index increases 5 percent, to 1050 from 1000. Conversely, a 50-point decline would produce a $2,500 loss. Each one-point change in the index represents a $50 gain or loss because the value of the futures contract is $50 times the index. The $2,500 increase represents a 25% return on your initial investment of $10,000. It is a 71% return on your initial margin deposit of $3,500.

An increase or decrease of only 5 percent in the index could result in a substantial gain or loss in your account in either case. Thats the power of leverage. Similarly a decline would eat up 25% of your original $10,000. It is 71% of your initial margin.

It makes your money work harder and produces more in a shorter period of time when everythings going your way, than if you paid for everything in full, up front. In such a situation leverage can be a beautiful thing. Indeed, leverage is the key distinctive aspect of futures trading as compared with stock trading.

But there is a dark side to leverage, too. For example, assume you use $5,000 in your account to buy an E-mini S&P 500 contract worth $50,000. Instead of going up, however, prices fall by 10 percent and the contracts value drops to $45,000. Your $5,000 is completely gone. Unless you get out of the position with an offsetting sale when your maintenance margin level is violated, youll be obligated to put up even more money if the market keeps moving against you. Leverage is the one ingredient that can produce either horror stories or happy endings. To get the happy ending, it is extremely important that you fully understand the power of leverage and how to manage it well.

Mr. Ahmad Hassam has done Masters from Harvard University. He is interested in day trading futures and currencies. Trade Dow Futures and S&P Futures!

S&P futures contracts are another example of how 24 hours a day trading enables traders to respond to economic news releases in pre-market and after-market sessions. Regular trading hours for S&P futures contracts are from 8:30 A.M to 3:15 PM. S&P futures contracts are valued in ticks worth 0.1 index points or $25.

The evening session starts at 3:30 PM (15 minutes after the close) and continues on the Globex until 8:15 AM overnight. Individual contract holders are limited to no more than 20,000 net long or short contracts at any one time.

A price limit is how far an S&P futures contract can rise or fall in a single trading session. The limits are set on quarterly basis. If the index experiences major declines or increases beyond these limits, a procedure is set in place to halt trading. If these price limits are crossed, circuit breakers are triggered.

Collar Rule: The collar rule addresses price swings related to program trades that move the Dow Jones Industrial Average (DJIA) more than 2% by requiring index arbitrage orders, or orders that bet on the spread between the futures and the cash of stock indexes to be stabilizing. This limits the traders from piling buy or sell orders in an attempt to exaggerate the gains or losses of the market. What this rule does is limit the chance of huge gains or losses as a result of futures trading.

Its time to learn how an S&P futures contract ticks once you have mastered futures basics such as the performance bond margins, the mark to market requirements and the account specifics. Especially during slow seasons in the stock market such as summer, fall and around the winter holidays, overnight or pre-market trading can be thin and dangerous.

Hundreds of futures contracts trade on the federally regulated futures exchanges in the United States. Each of these exchanges trade contract that are somewhat unique to it. CMEs most actively traded contracts are Eurodollar futures and S&P futures including the E-minis.

E-mini S&P Futures contracts: The E-mini S&P futures contracts (ES) are the favorites of the day traders because of its high intraday price volatility and major price swings on a daily basis. The E-mini S&P futures contracts (ES) are among the most popular stock index futures contract because they enable you to trade the markets trend with only one fifth of the requirement.

The value of the E-mini S&P futures contract is $50 times the value of the S&P 500 stock index. One tick on E-min S&P futures contract is equal to 0.25 of the index point or $12.50. The E-mini S&P futures contract can be very volatile and can move even more aggressively during times of extreme market volatility.

Mr. Ahmad Hassam has done Masters from Harvard University. He is interested in day trading futures and currencies. Trade Dow Futures and S&P Futures!